U.S. House · 119th Congress, session 1 · Roll call 83
On Passage
H.R. 1048: DETERRENT Act
To amend the Higher Education Act of 1965 to strengthen disclosure requirements relating to foreign gifts and contracts, to prohibit contracts between institutions of higher education and certain foreign entities and countries of concern, and for other purposes.
Passed · 241 Yea, 169 Nay
- Held
- March 27, 2025, 10:52 AM EDT
- Vote type
- Final passage
- Party-unity vote
- Yes (most Democrats and most Republicans voted opposite ways)
- Official record
- clerk.house.gov
How each party voted
Members are shown in the party they belonged to on the day of the vote, as the official record lists them. In our statistics, independents are counted with the party they caucus with.
| Vote | Republican | Democrat | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yea | 210 | 31 | 241 |
| Nay | 1 | 168 | 169 |
| Not voting | 6 | 14 | 20 |
| Members | 217 | 213 | 430 |
How each member voted
Yea (241)
- Robert B. Aderholt (R-AL-4)
- Mark Alford (R-MO-4)
- Rick W. Allen (R-GA-12)
- Jodey C. Arrington (R-TX-19)
- Brian Babin (R-TX-36)
- James R. Baird (R-IN-4)
- Troy Balderson (R-OH-12)
- Andy Barr (R-KY-6)
- Tom Barrett (R-MI-7)
- Michael Baumgartner (R-WA-5)
- Aaron Bean (R-FL-4)
- Nicholas J. Begich III (R-AK-AL)
- Wesley Bell (D-MO-1)
- Cliff Bentz (R-OR-2)
- Stephanie I. Bice (R-OK-5)
- Andy Biggs (R-AZ-5)
- Sheri Biggs (R-SC-3)
- Gus M. Bilirakis (R-FL-12)
- Lauren Boebert (R-CO-4)
- Mike Bost (R-IL-12)
- Josh Brecheen (R-OK-2)
- Robert P. Bresnahan, Jr. (R-PA-8)
- Vern Buchanan (R-FL-16)
- Tim Burchett (R-TN-2)
- Eric Burlison (R-MO-7)
- Ken Calvert (R-CA-41)
- Kat Cammack (R-FL-3)
- Mike Carey (R-OH-15)
- Earl L. "Buddy" Carter (R-GA-1)
- John R. Carter (R-TX-31)
- Juan Ciscomani (R-AZ-6)
- Ben Cline (R-VA-6)
- Michael Cloud (R-TX-27)
- Andrew S. Clyde (R-GA-9)
- Tom Cole (R-OK-4)
- Mike Collins (R-GA-10)
- James Comer (R-KY-1)
- Jim Costa (D-CA-21)
- Angie Craig (D-MN-2)
- Elijah Crane (R-AZ-2)
- Jeff Crank (R-CO-5)
- Eric A. "Rick" Crawford (R-AR-1)
- Dan Crenshaw (R-TX-2)
- Henry Cuellar (D-TX-28)
- Warren Davidson (R-OH-8)
- Donald G. Davis (D-NC-1)
- Monica De La Cruz (R-TX-15)
- Scott DesJarlais (R-TN-4)
- Mario Diaz-Balart (R-FL-26)
- Byron Donalds (R-FL-19)
- Troy Downing (R-MT-2)
- Neal P. Dunn (R-FL-2)
- Chuck Edwards (R-NC-11)
- Sarah Elfreth (D-MD-3)
- Jake Ellzey (R-TX-6)
- Tom Emmer (R-MN-6)
- Ron Estes (R-KS-4)
- Gabe Evans (R-CO-8)
- Mike Ezell (R-MS-4)
- Pat Fallon (R-TX-4)
- Julie Fedorchak (R-ND-AL)
- Randy Feenstra (R-IA-4)
- Brad Finstad (R-MN-1)
- Michelle Fischbach (R-MN-7)
- Scott Fitzgerald (R-WI-5)
- Brian K. Fitzpatrick (R-PA-1)
- Charles J. "Chuck" Fleischmann (R-TN-3)
- Mike Flood (R-NE-1)
- Virginia Foxx (R-NC-5)
- Scott Franklin (R-FL-18)
- Russell Fry (R-SC-7)
- Russ Fulcher (R-ID-1)
- Andrew R. Garbarino (R-NY-2)
- Brandon Gill (R-TX-26)
- Laura Gillen (D-NY-4)
- Carlos A. Gimenez (R-FL-28)
- Marie Gluesenkamp Perez (D-WA-3)
- Jared F. Golden (D-ME-2)
- Craig A. Goldman (R-TX-12)
- Tony Gonzales (R-TX-23)
- Lance Gooden (R-TX-5)
- Maggie Goodlander (D-NH-2)
- Paul A. Gosar (R-AZ-9)
- Josh Gottheimer (D-NJ-5)
- Sam Graves (R-MO-6)
- Adam Gray (D-CA-13)
- Mark E. Green (R-TN-7)
- Marjorie Taylor Greene (R-GA-14)
- H. Morgan Griffith (R-VA-9)
- Glenn Grothman (R-WI-6)
- Michael Guest (R-MS-3)
- Brett Guthrie (R-KY-2)
- Harriet M. Hageman (R-WY-AL)
- Abraham J. Hamadeh (R-AZ-8)
- Josh Harder (D-CA-9)
- Mike Haridopolos (R-FL-8)
- Pat Harrigan (R-NC-10)
- Andy Harris (R-MD-1)
- Mark Harris (R-NC-8)
- Diana Harshbarger (R-TN-1)
- Kevin Hern (R-OK-1)
- Clay Higgins (R-LA-3)
- J. French Hill (R-AR-2)
- Ashley Hinson (R-IA-2)
- Steven Horsford (D-NV-4)
- Erin Houchin (R-IN-9)
- Richard Hudson (R-NC-9)
- Bill Huizenga (R-MI-4)
- Wesley Hunt (R-TX-38)
- Jeff Hurd (R-CO-3)
- Darrell Issa (R-CA-48)
- Brian Jack (R-GA-3)
- John James (R-MI-10)
- Dusty Johnson (R-SD-AL)
- Jim Jordan (R-OH-4)
- David P. Joyce (R-OH-14)
- John Joyce (R-PA-13)
- Thomas H. Kean, Jr. (R-NJ-7)
- Mike Kelly (R-PA-16)
- Trent Kelly (R-MS-1)
- Mike Kennedy (R-UT-3)
- Jennifer A. Kiggans (R-VA-2)
- Kevin Kiley (R-CA-3)
- Young Kim (R-CA-40)
- Brad Knott (R-NC-13)
- David Kustoff (R-TN-8)
- Darin LaHood (R-IL-16)
- Nick LaLota (R-NY-1)
- Doug LaMalfa (R-CA-1)
- Greg Landsman (D-OH-1)
- Nicholas A. Langworthy (R-NY-23)
- George Latimer (D-NY-16)
- Robert E. Latta (R-OH-5)
- Michael Lawler (R-NY-17)
- Laurel M. Lee (R-FL-15)
- Susie Lee (D-NV-3)
- Julia Letlow (R-LA-5)
- Barry Loudermilk (R-GA-11)
- Frank D. Lucas (R-OK-3)
- Anna Paulina Luna (R-FL-13)
- Morgan Luttrell (R-TX-8)
- Nancy Mace (R-SC-1)
- Ryan Mackenzie (R-PA-7)
- Nicole Malliotakis (R-NY-11)
- Celeste Maloy (R-UT-2)
- Tracey Mann (R-KS-1)
- Thomas Massie (R-KY-4)
- Brian J. Mast (R-FL-21)
- Lisa C. McClain (R-MI-9)
- Tom McClintock (R-CA-5)
- Richard McCormick (R-GA-7)
- Addison P. McDowell (R-NC-6)
- John J. McGuire III (R-VA-5)
- Mark B. Messmer (R-IN-8)
- Daniel Meuser (R-PA-9)
- Carol D. Miller (R-WV-1)
- Mary E. Miller (R-IL-15)
- Max L. Miller (R-OH-7)
- Mariannette Miller-Meeks (R-IA-1)
- Cory Mills (R-FL-7)
- John R. Moolenaar (R-MI-2)
- Barry Moore (R-AL-1)
- Blake D. Moore (R-UT-1)
- Riley M. Moore (R-WV-2)
- Tim Moore (R-NC-14)
- Nathaniel Moran (R-TX-1)
- Jared Moskowitz (D-FL-23)
- Gregory F. Murphy (R-NC-3)
- Troy E. Nehls (R-TX-22)
- Dan Newhouse (R-WA-4)
- Ralph Norman (R-SC-5)
- Zachary Nunn (R-IA-3)
- Jay Obernolte (R-CA-23)
- Andrew Ogles (R-TN-5)
- Robert F. Onder, Jr. (R-MO-3)
- Burgess Owens (R-UT-4)
- Frank Pallone, Jr. (D-NJ-6)
- Gary J. Palmer (R-AL-6)
- Chris Pappas (D-NH-1)
- Scott Perry (R-PA-10)
- August Pfluger (R-TX-11)
- Guy Reschenthaler (R-PA-14)
- Harold Rogers (R-KY-5)
- Mike Rogers (R-AL-3)
- John W. Rose (R-TN-6)
- David Rouzer (R-NC-7)
- Chip Roy (R-TX-21)
- Michael A. Rulli (R-OH-6)
- John H. Rutherford (R-FL-5)
- Patrick Ryan (D-NY-18)
- Maria Elvira Salazar (R-FL-27)
- Steve Scalise (R-LA-1)
- Derek Schmidt (R-KS-2)
- Hillary J. Scholten (D-MI-3)
- David Schweikert (R-AZ-1)
- Austin Scott (R-GA-8)
- Keith Self (R-TX-3)
- Pete Sessions (R-TX-17)
- Brad Sherman (D-CA-32)
- Jefferson Shreve (R-IN-6)
- Michael K. Simpson (R-ID-2)
- Adrian Smith (R-NE-3)
- Christopher H. Smith (R-NJ-4)
- Jason Smith (R-MO-8)
- Lloyd Smucker (R-PA-11)
- Victoria Spartz (R-IN-5)
- Greg Stanton (D-AZ-4)
- Pete Stauber (R-MN-8)
- Bryan Steil (R-WI-1)
- W. Gregory Steube (R-FL-17)
- Dale W. Strong (R-AL-5)
- Marlin A. Stutzman (R-IN-3)
- Thomas R. Suozzi (D-NY-3)
- David J. Taylor (R-OH-2)
- Claudia Tenney (R-NY-24)
- Glenn Thompson (R-PA-15)
- Thomas P. Tiffany (R-WI-7)
- William R. Timmons IV (R-SC-4)
- Ritchie Torres (D-NY-15)
- Derek Tran (D-CA-45)
- Michael R. Turner (R-OH-10)
- David G. Valadao (R-CA-22)
- Jefferson Van Drew (R-NJ-2)
- Beth Van Duyne (R-TX-24)
- Derrick Van Orden (R-WI-3)
- Gabe Vasquez (D-NM-2)
- Eugene Simon Vindman (D-VA-7)
- Ann Wagner (R-MO-2)
- Tim Walberg (R-MI-5)
- Debbie Wasserman Schultz (D-FL-25)
- Randy K. Weber, Sr. (R-TX-14)
- Daniel Webster (R-FL-11)
- Bruce Westerman (R-AR-4)
- George Whitesides (D-CA-27)
- Tony Wied (R-WI-8)
- Roger Williams (R-TX-25)
- Joe Wilson (R-SC-2)
- Robert J. Wittman (R-VA-1)
- Steve Womack (R-AR-3)
- Rudy Yakym III (R-IN-2)
- Ryan K. Zinke (R-MT-1)
Nay (169)
- Alma S. Adams (D-NC-12)
- Pete Aguilar (D-CA-33)
- Gabe Amo (D-RI-1)
- Jake Auchincloss (D-MA-4)
- Don Bacon (R-NE-2)
- Becca Balint (D-VT-AL)
- Joyce Beatty (D-OH-3)
- Ami Bera (D-CA-6)
- Donald S. Beyer, Jr. (D-VA-8)
- Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. (D-GA-2)
- Suzanne Bonamici (D-OR-1)
- Brendan F. Boyle (D-PA-2)
- Shontel M. Brown (D-OH-11)
- Julia Brownley (D-CA-26)
- Nikki Budzinski (D-IL-13)
- Janelle S. Bynum (D-OR-5)
- Salud O. Carbajal (D-CA-24)
- André Carson (D-IN-7)
- Troy A. Carter (D-LA-2)
- Greg Casar (D-TX-35)
- Ed Case (D-HI-1)
- Sean Casten (D-IL-6)
- Kathy Castor (D-FL-14)
- Joaquin Castro (D-TX-20)
- Sheila Cherfilus-McCormick (D-FL-20)
- Judy Chu (D-CA-28)
- Gilbert Ray Cisneros, Jr. (D-CA-31)
- Katherine M. Clark (D-MA-5)
- Yvette D. Clarke (D-NY-9)
- Emanuel Cleaver (D-MO-5)
- James E. Clyburn (D-SC-6)
- Steve Cohen (D-TN-9)
- Herbert C. Conaway, Jr. (D-NJ-3)
- Gerald E. Connolly (D-VA-11)
- J. Luis Correa (D-CA-46)
- Joe Courtney (D-CT-2)
- Jasmine Crockett (D-TX-30)
- Jason Crow (D-CO-6)
- Sharice Davids (D-KS-3)
- Danny K. Davis (D-IL-7)
- Diana DeGette (D-CO-1)
- Rosa L. DeLauro (D-CT-3)
- Mark DeSaulnier (D-CA-10)
- Madeleine Dean (D-PA-4)
- Suzan K. DelBene (D-WA-1)
- Christopher R. Deluzio (D-PA-17)
- Maxine Dexter (D-OR-3)
- Debbie Dingell (D-MI-6)
- Lloyd Doggett (D-TX-37)
- Veronica Escobar (D-TX-16)
- Adriano Espaillat (D-NY-13)
- Dwight Evans (D-PA-3)
- Cleo Fields (D-LA-6)
- Shomari Figures (D-AL-2)
- Lizzie Fletcher (D-TX-7)
- Bill Foster (D-IL-11)
- Valerie P. Foushee (D-NC-4)
- Lois Frankel (D-FL-22)
- Laura Friedman (D-CA-30)
- Maxwell Frost (D-FL-10)
- Sylvia R. Garcia (D-TX-29)
- Jesús G. "Chuy" García (D-IL-4)
- Daniel S. Goldman (D-NY-10)
- Jimmy Gomez (D-CA-34)
- Vicente Gonzalez (D-TX-34)
- Al Green (D-TX-9)
- Jahana Hayes (D-CT-5)
- James A. Himes (D-CT-4)
- Chrissy Houlahan (D-PA-6)
- Steny H. Hoyer (D-MD-5)
- Val T. Hoyle (D-OR-4)
- Jared Huffman (D-CA-2)
- Glenn Ivey (D-MD-4)
- Sara Jacobs (D-CA-51)
- Pramila Jayapal (D-WA-7)
- Hakeem S. Jeffries (D-NY-8)
- Henry C. "Hank" Johnson, Jr. (D-GA-4)
- Julie Johnson (D-TX-32)
- Sydney Kamlager-Dove (D-CA-37)
- Marcy Kaptur (D-OH-9)
- William R. Keating (D-MA-9)
- Robin L. Kelly (D-IL-2)
- Timothy M. Kennedy (D-NY-26)
- Ro Khanna (D-CA-17)
- Raja Krishnamoorthi (D-IL-8)
- Rick Larsen (D-WA-2)
- John B. Larson (D-CT-1)
- Summer L. Lee (D-PA-12)
- Mike Levin (D-CA-49)
- Sam T. Liccardo (D-CA-16)
- Ted Lieu (D-CA-36)
- Zoe Lofgren (D-CA-18)
- Stephen F. Lynch (D-MA-8)
- Seth Magaziner (D-RI-2)
- John W. Mannion (D-NY-22)
- Doris O. Matsui (D-CA-7)
- Sarah McBride (D-DE-AL)
- April McClain Delaney (D-MD-6)
- Jennifer L. McClellan (D-VA-4)
- Betty McCollum (D-MN-4)
- Kristen McDonald Rivet (D-MI-8)
- Morgan McGarvey (D-KY-3)
- James P. McGovern (D-MA-2)
- LaMonica McIver (D-NJ-10)
- Gregory W. Meeks (D-NY-5)
- Robert Menendez (D-NJ-8)
- Grace Meng (D-NY-6)
- Kweisi Mfume (D-MD-7)
- Dave Min (D-CA-47)
- Gwen Moore (D-WI-4)
- Joseph D. Morelle (D-NY-25)
- Kelly Morrison (D-MN-3)
- Seth Moulton (D-MA-6)
- Frank J. Mrvan (D-IN-1)
- Kevin Mullin (D-CA-15)
- Jerrold Nadler (D-NY-12)
- Joe Neguse (D-CO-2)
- Donald Norcross (D-NJ-1)
- Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (D-NY-14)
- Johnny Olszewski, Jr. (D-MD-2)
- Ilhan Omar (D-MN-5)
- Jimmy Panetta (D-CA-19)
- Scott H. Peters (D-CA-50)
- Mark Pocan (D-WI-2)
- Nellie Pou (D-NJ-9)
- Ayanna Pressley (D-MA-7)
- Mike Quigley (D-IL-5)
- Delia C. Ramirez (D-IL-3)
- Emily Randall (D-WA-6)
- Jamie Raskin (D-MD-8)
- Josh Riley (D-NY-19)
- Luz M. Rivas (D-CA-29)
- Deborah K. Ross (D-NC-2)
- Raul Ruiz (D-CA-25)
- Andrea Salinas (D-OR-6)
- Mary Gay Scanlon (D-PA-5)
- Janice D. Schakowsky (D-IL-9)
- Bradley Scott Schneider (D-IL-10)
- Kim Schrier (D-WA-8)
- David Scott (D-GA-13)
- Robert C. "Bobby" Scott (D-VA-3)
- Terri A. Sewell (D-AL-7)
- Lateefah Simon (D-CA-12)
- Eric Sorensen (D-IL-17)
- Darren Soto (D-FL-9)
- Haley M. Stevens (D-MI-11)
- Marilyn Strickland (D-WA-10)
- Suhas Subramanyam (D-VA-10)
- Eric Swalwell (D-CA-14)
- Emilia Strong Sykes (D-OH-13)
- Linda T. Sánchez (D-CA-38)
- Mark Takano (D-CA-39)
- Shri Thanedar (D-MI-13)
- Bennie G. Thompson (D-MS-2)
- Mike Thompson (D-CA-4)
- Dina Titus (D-NV-1)
- Rashida Tlaib (D-MI-12)
- Jill N. Tokuda (D-HI-2)
- Paul Tonko (D-NY-20)
- Norma J. Torres (D-CA-35)
- Lori Trahan (D-MA-3)
- Lauren Underwood (D-IL-14)
- Juan Vargas (D-CA-52)
- Marc A. Veasey (D-TX-33)
- Nydia M. Velázquez (D-NY-7)
- Maxine Waters (D-CA-43)
- Bonnie Watson Coleman (D-NJ-12)
- Nikema Williams (D-GA-5)
- Frederica S. Wilson (D-FL-24)
Not voting (20)
- Mark E. Amodei (R-NV-2)
- Yassamin Ansari (D-AZ-3)
- Nanette Diaz Barragán (D-CA-44)
- Jack Bergman (R-MI-1)
- Vince Fong (R-CA-20)
- John Garamendi (D-CA-8)
- Robert Garcia (D-CA-42)
- Jonathan L. Jackson (D-IL-1)
- Ronny Jackson (R-TX-13)
- Teresa Leger Fernandez (D-NM-3)
- Lucy McBath (D-GA-6)
- Michael T. McCaul (R-TX-10)
- Richard E. Neal (D-MA-1)
- Nancy Pelosi (D-CA-11)
- Brittany Pettersen (D-CO-7)
- Chellie Pingree (D-ME-1)
- Mikie Sherrill (D-NJ-11)
- Adam Smith (D-WA-9)
- Melanie A. Stansbury (D-NM-1)
- Elise M. Stefanik (R-NY-21)